Spinal Disc Degeneration(Low back pain). How it happened, How things turned worse and How I recovered from it finally.

Posted June 19, 2007 by transcendental
Categories: Experiences, Spine

Disclaimer: Information provided by the author are from his own personal experiences. In case you find any information useful, you should first consult your doctor. The author doesn’t take any responsibility for any loses or doesn’t even guarantee a recovery from the information provided here. But hopes that this information is very useful.

Comments are invited on this article. In case, the changes are more, updated version will be posted with acknowledgments to the person who suggest changes.

© http://transcendental.wordpress.com/


There was a small pain in my hip and leg on the right side. I went to the doctor. He slowly prepared me for the surgery which fetches more money. If someone had told me what precautions should be taken things would have been far better. I finally went to my hometown where I got proper treatment. I never found right information on internet about what should be done from my side. I got this information very late at my hometown. Condition did improve and now I’m able to walk fast and like a normal person. Here, I will describe how spinal disc degeneration happened and how things were made worse by the doctor and how I was able to recover from that bad condition. I also describe what a person should and should not do. I have not felt any kind of pain(very minor pain) during the last two and a half months at the time of writing. I was in such a position where surgery had to be done within a week. I hope that reading this would be very beneficial to all of you. I wish no one suffers from such kind of pain ever. 
About Myself

Age: 22 years
Sex: Male
Weight: 55 Kg ( Yes, I’m thin.)
Height: 175 cm
Nationality: Indian
Occupation: Student

How it happened ?

I could trace two reasons for this. First is excessive sitting for few days. I had a lot of work. Second is lack of nutritious food. Otherwise it is difficult to find such problems at this age. It can also happen due to wrong sitting postures for a long time.

Due to excessive content I have decided to break this up into two parts.

Part I: Pain, Diagnosis and Selfish doctor.

The pain started at the end of October in 2006. There was pain in my hip and leg on the right side. I never knew what it was it. I decided to go to an orthopedic surgeon after 15 days of continuous pain. He told me to get two X rays, one of ‘Lumbosacral Spine Lateral View‘ and of ‘Pelvis AP view‘. X-ray report mentioned that there is a ‘Transitional vertebral at lumbosacral junction‘ and ‘Spina bifida at S1‘. MRI is usually recommended for spinal disc degeneration, so did the doctor. MRI Report of ‘Lumbosacral spine‘ mentioned that ‘there is a partial degeneration of L4-L5 disc, mild posterocentral disc protrusion causing mild anterior thecal sac compression‘. People having low back pain have disc degeneration either in L4-L5 disc or in L5-S1 disc. It is necessary to get the MRI to know the extent of disc degeneration and to rule out some other cases.

After MRI

1. Doctor prescribed two medicines two times a day for 5 days. No physical exercises were suggested at this time.

2. He taught some 6-8 exercises and told me to do it everyday two times. Two of these physical activities I actually found that they increased the pain. I told to the doctor about it, he told that I have to do if I want to recover. He gave some other medicine to be taken, once a day. Again I do not remember the name. After this I did not visit him for two months. I did all the physical exercises as told by him. (One of the exercise which he suggested was to raise my both legs together to 90 degrees while laying on the bed. I was able to do but after two months the pain increased to such a level that was not even able to raise my leg by even 5 degrees. This physical exercise put a lot of pressure on the back, in my opinion do not do this or whatever the doctor says.)

I had to attend a conference and workshop in December (for 10 days), there was one more conference(+tutorials and workshops) in January (8 days). I had to present a paper in another conference in January(6 days). I couldn’t find any time to visit to a doctor. In February, I was back to my college. There was a significant increase in the pain. I went to the same doctor again. This time I found (very late) that he was on a money making mission from my pain. I wish he should die for the sake of humanity. Such doctors should not exist at all (sorry for having such kind of views). He conducted many random tests. When I went to the other doctor later at my hometown, told that these tests were not required. I will describe in detail what all he did

1. Tests

a. Rheumatoid Profile – 1

  • Rheumatoid Factor Assay
  • Blood for R P R antibodies
  • Anti streptolysin ‘O’ Titre
  • C-Reactive Protein

b. Random Blood Sugar, Corresponding Uring Sugar
c. Serum Uricacid
d. Haemogram
e. Blood For L E cell
f. T3, T4, TSH
g. Complete Urine Examination
Every thing was found normal in all these tests.

2. Some more tests.

This time the tests were serious as they involved passing electricity through the nerves in leg.

a. Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS):

I never understood the report but I will describe all the keywords in the report.

  1. Compund Muscle Active Potential (Recorded from both lower limbs (CPN and PTN)),
  2. F-Waves (recorded from both PTN and CPN)[Report mentioned ‘Whereas right CPN shows normal distal latencies and with impersistence),
  3. Sensory Nerve Active Potentials.

3. During the third meeting he says that he is not a neurologist and can not make out anything from the report, So I need to consult to a neurologist to know whether a surgery is required or not. This neurologist was in the same hospital. I paid extra money for the consultation. He told that NCS was not conducted in the right manner, so I need to go through it again. Following are the keywords which were in the report

  • a. H-Reflexes (Recorded from both lower limbs (PTN))

The report concluded that NCV study is with in normal limits. Means no surgery was required. Both doctors were talking over phone after this report. The neurosergon was adamant on surgery but the other doctor insisted not now. This neurosurgeon recommended some medicines for one month.

4. After having these medicines everything was ok for first 2-3 days. But the medicines were still horrible, pulse rate was around 130-140 after having them. After 3 days, I felt a tremendous pain in my right leg and hips. I was not able to sleep, sit or stand. Standing was the most convenient position for me. I called up one of my friends who took me to hospital. Again the same doctor was consulted. This time he told me stop having the medicines prescribed by the neurologist and get one more test conducted. He changed the medicine to some pain killer, one more medicine to avoid any kind of stomach gas and some sleeping pills. He never told me that he prescribed sleeping pills to me. Why the hell do I need sleeping pills at this age?

He asked me to get done with one more test, HLA-B27. He says if this test comes out to be negative then I need to go through surgery. This test takes two days.

5. After two days I came back and got the test report. The test read negative and there was interpretation of the test which mentioned some 6-7 possible diseases. I showed the report to the doctor and he says that surgery is the only option now, decide within a week. In the meanwhile I called up my father and said sorry to him for not informing things for long and asked him to come to my place. Due to excessive pain I was mentally prepared for the surgery.

After coming here my Father suggested I should come to home and get treated there. There were two advantages, I’ll get a reliable treatment and my parents can easily take care of me.

I was excessively worried about HLA B27 thing after reading about it on web. Before leaving for home I decided to talk to the bio-chemist who conducted the test. He got a bit nervous the way I asked him and told me that I should be very happy that the report is negative. Negative means that the test has been found to be negative. I am absolutely fine. There is no such thing called HLA-B27 in me. That bloody MF doctor. If you are that doctor reading this then I say <FUCK YOU!!> to you and your family. You should not go to hell either.

Part II: Sweet Home and the treatment which finally relieved me from pain.

At home I was able to consult three doctors simultaneously as things are cheaper. Each one of them knew that I was consulting with other two. I consulted to an orthopedist, a physiotherapist who was recommended by the orthopedist and an homeopathic doctor. The orthopedic doctor also referred to a person who is an expert in massaging nerves for such kind of problems. The orthopedic doctor also happened to study with my father during school time, so he did not take any fees.

At this time I was able to raise only my right leg up by 5 degrees and left leg up by around 60 degrees when I lay down on the bed with mouth facing up.

To know how much change has happened over a period of four months, the orthopedic doctor suggested to get two X rays of my lumbar spine, the same which the previous doctor asked for. This time there was no MRI. He told me to continue with two medicines which the previous doctor recommended during the last time. They were (two times a day for 15-20 days)

  1. Ultracet (Tramadol Hydrochloride and Paracetamol Tablets), This was probably to reduce pain.
  2. SOZ D20 (Esomeprazole 20mg, Domperedone 30 mg) -> This was probably to reduce stomach gas and should be taken before having food.

He also recommended me to take service of a physiotherapist for Short wave diathermy (SWD) and Interferential Therapy(IFT) for 20 days.

As told by him, it accelerates the reconstruction of the disc and helps in the flow of the fluid (blood?) through the nerves which are getting compressed by the disc.

No physical exercises were suggested during this time.

Physiotherapist gave me some very important precautions which no other doctor told to me. I’ll describe with images where ever possible.

  1. Never bend forward.
  2. Don’t lift any weight.
  3. Don’t stand or sit for long.
  4. Don’t walk on uneven surfaces.
  5. Don’t drive any vehicle.
  6. In short, do not do anything which increases pressure on the disk.

Sleeping Bed

This is from my person experience. Avoid using any pillow. In the worst case use a very thin pillow. Bed should be thin (2cm at the max), flat and a bit hard but you should not sleep on bare floor or very-very hard surface, otherwise you will feel pain. Also be sure that the cold doesn’t transit from the surface through bed to your bones. It could be fatal. Bed surface should be such that it doesn’t press your nerves hardly (sleeping on carpets etc. should be avoided because they press the nerves hardly in the body).

Sleeping Posture

It should be either of these two, preferably the second one and there should not be any pillow (unless you really feel the need of it). When things would improve you can sleep in the first posture as well. Any posture apart from these two are not optimal.

sleeping posture

How to get up from bed ?

Again this is very important. In the figure above, do not directly get up from the second posture, it puts a weight on the back. Go to first posture and then get up. Same precaution should be taken when you lay down on the bed.

Wrong Rising

Correct Rising

Similarly, you should avoid sleeping on chairs. Avoid journey through buses or anything where you have to sleep on a semi-sleeper.

Short wave diathermy (SWD) and Interferential Therapy(IFT) proved to be very useful. I was treated with SWD and IFT for fifteen minutes each, everyday for 20 days. To some people Traction is also prescribed but it was not prescribed to me.

Lumbar Support Belt

I was prescribed a support belt. It is useful when the chances of getting jerks are more. While sitting or while eating food you should put off the belt. Make sure belt fits properly. Also it should be just below the belly button.

Warm water

Boil some one litre of water and put in a plastic bag (you can get specialized bags for these purposes from the medical shop). Put some oil on the back (In india it is Zerk oil, an ayurvedic oil), lay down on the bed with face downwards, and put the water bag on the back. To avoid burning of skin, some small cloth can be used as a resistant. It should not be done more than once a day. Take rest for 20 minutes after this.

Sitting Postures

Refer to this page http://www.officeorganix.com/Chairsit.htm or search on Google.

Homeopathic Treatment

As the homeopathic doctor is our family doctor, my father took me to him. He was very confident that things will improve from homeopathic medicines. He also suffered from this problem and was able to recover only from medicines and physical exercises. He also mentioned that treatment to such problems with medicines is available only in homeopathy. The recovery is slow but it is final. He wrote one regular medicine and the other one he prepares himself.

1. Bakson’s Mother Tincture (Bellis Per. Q)
Dosage: 10 drops (morning, afternoon and night) each time in 50 ml of water. Do not have anything before and after having this medicine.

2. I do not know the name of other medicine as he is the one who prepares, with homeopathic drops on sweet matter. This changes every month. In addition to this he provided with one dose of very powerful medicine which has to be taken once a month.

Check out this page, (http://naturecure.com/) (as I was googling to get some references, purchase at your own risk. It would be great if you talk to some homepathic doctor before purchasing from this website. It could also be the case that a similar medicine is available with the doctor itself). Few excerpts from this page(just to make sure that they don’t change it):

“For more than 24 years Dr. Shahmardaan was literally a prisoner of back pain. No conventional or alternative treatment available in North America relieved the back pain. “Surgery was the only option offered to Dr. Shahmardaan to relieve the back pain resulting from three slipped discs.”
Instead of surgery, Dr. Sunny Bakshi, a world renowned homeopathic Physician offered the Homeopathic Remedy Bakson’s Rheum Aid Plus. Dr. Shahmardaan took Bakson’s Rheum Aid Plus and has been completely free from back pain ever since. Bakson’s Rheum Aid Plus has been developed and manufactured by Bakson’s Drugs and Pharmaceuticals.”

Back to Orthopedic doctor

After 20 days of physiotherapy, he told me to stop and start doing certain physical exercises (Yoga). I’ll describe all that with videos of Swami Ramdev. The doctor also prescribed one medicine Gabamin (Gabapentin 300 mg, Methylcobalamin 500 mcg) which has to be taken one time a day just before sleeping.

Yoga

Before you start with Yoga, keep these points in mind.

  1. This has to be done only in the morning or evening.
  2. Empty stomach is a requirement.
  3. Do not do practice any postures of yoga if you feel uncomfortable.
  4. Breathing pattern is very important in yoga. As a thumb rule it should synchronize with body movements.

1. Bhastrika Pranayama

How to do

  • Sit in a posture as shown in the video. If you can not sit then perform it while standing.
  • Relax
  • Breathe in deeply into lungs (not stomach)
  • Breathe out
  • Do it for 2-5 minutes. (2 minutes)

For more details go here: http://knowyoga.org/tiki-index.php?page=Bhastrika%20Pranayam

2. Kapalbati Pranayama

It is a bit different from Bhastrika Pranayama as we breathe out only in this case.

How to do

  • Sit in a posture as shown in the video. If you can not sit then perform it while standing.
  • Relax
  • Breathe out with a small jerk in the stomach.
  • Do it for 2-5 minutes.(2 minutes)

For more detail go here: http://knowyoga.org/tiki-index.php?page=Kapal%20Bhati%20Pranayam

3. Anlom Vilom

How to do

  • Sit in a posture as shown in the video. If you can not sit then perform it while standing.
  • Relax
  • Hold your right nasal with thumb
  • Breathe in from left.
  • Open right nasal and close left nasal with middle and ring finger
  • Breathe out from right nasal.
  • Breathe in from right nasal.
  • Close right nasal
  • Open left and breathe out.
  • Do it for 2 minutes.

For more details go here: http://knowyoga.org/tiki-index.php?page=Anulom%20Vilom%20Pranayam

4. In case if you have time then do it, there is no harm doing this. It will reduce the risk of Cervical Spondylosis.

Main Yoga for Lumbar Spine Disc Degeneration (1-3 are the preparatory steps before doing any kind of aasana, 1-3 can be avoided if you can not do them. Make sure that you are not suffering from any kind of breathing problem before doing 1-3)

5. Vajra Aasana

How to do

  • Sit in a posture as shown in the video. If you can not sit then do not perform it.
  • Relax for 2-3 minutes.

6. Markata Aasana

How to do

  • Lay down on the ground facing upwards.
  • Relax
  • Bring your heels close to your buttocks.
  • Extend your hands perpendicular to your body on both the sides.
  • Breathe in
  • Turn your face towards left side and look at your hands and simultaneously move your knees towards the right side.
  • Breathe out
  • Slowly move your head and knees to the center.
  • Breathe in
  • Now, Turn your face towards right side and look at your hands and simultaneously move your knees towards right side.
  • Breathe out
  • Do it for 2 minutes.

Note: If possible synchronize breathing pattern with movement of knees and head.

7. Kandhara Aasana

How to do

  • Lay down on the ground with face upwards.
  • Relax
  • Bring your ankles towards the buttocks.
  • Breathe in and simultaneously raise your pelvis up.
  • wait for 5-6 seconds
  • breathe out and simultaneously and slowly put your pelvis down.
  • Do it for 2 minutes.

8. Bhujanga Aasana

How to do

  • Lay down on the ground with face downwards.
  • Relax
  • Bring your hands towards your chest.
  • Breathe in and simultaneously raise your head upwards with eyes looking approximately at the ceiling.
    (Note: pressure should be on hands not on the back)
  • Make sure at least your belly button is touching the floor.
  • Breathe out and slowly come back to the original position.
  • Do it for 2 minutes.

9. Shalabha Aasana

How to do

  • Lay down on the ground with face downwards.
  • Relax
  • Put your hands under the legs and your face should be looking front.
  • Breathe in.
  • Now raise one leg by up to 45 degrees (Note: Do not bend the leg at knees)
  • Breathe out and simultaneously bring the leg to the floor.
  • Now do the same with second leg.
  • Do it for 2 minutes.

10. Makara Aasana

How to do

  • Lay down on the ground with face downwards.
  • Relax
  • Raise your head and support it with your hands on the cheeks.
  • Now raise your leg with a bent at the knees, alternatively, with synchronized breathing patterns.
  • Do it for 2 minutes.
  • If you can not do any asana then this is the best asana that you can try.

11. Now take rest

How

  • Lay down on the ground with face upwards.
  • Close your eyes
  • Relax your mind and your whole body.
  • Continue for upto 2 minutes.
  • This is compulsory unless you can not do it.

Massage of Nerves near Ankle

There is one such center in my town where a person does this. Orthopedic doctor recommended me to go there for one week. I happened to meet many people at this place. They told that they have recovered significantly from serious pains. Not everyone can afford costly treatment in India. It was indeed helpful.

It is a bit painful for only one minute.

How to do

  • If you can get someone else to do it for you, it is great.
  • This has to be done in both the legs in the same quantity.
  • First stretch toes of the right leg one by one.
  • Now put the tip of the thumb on the nerve near ankle. (How to find the nerve? Press, with thumb you will find some kind of beats)
  • Note: This has to be done only at the inner side of both the legs not on outer side.
  • Move the tip of the thumb hardly(left-right) (as much as you can bear) on the nerve for 10 seconds only.
  • Do the same for left leg.

Position of the Nerve

Position of Nerve At Ankle

Some Additional Recommendations:

  1. If the pain does not decrease within a given time frame. Leave everything and stay home at least for one month. With surgery there are wide range of problems. Recovery after surgery takes 3-4 weeks and recovery from rest also takes the same amount of time. Staying at home does not mean that you lay down on the bed completely. Regular walking is very important.
  2. Inform about this to your family at the earliest. Also tell it to your friends. Many people suffer from this kind of problem once in their life. Friends and family members will surely give an expert opinion.
  3. Before you take a decision (a big one e.g. about surgery etc.) with a doctor do cross check with another doctor. In these cases surgery can be done in two ways, if the patient wants it or the doctor recommends it.
  4. This is a curable disease. I am almost cured.
  5. Nutritious food is the main requirement. As I stay away from home, doctor prescribed one medicine having vitamins and essential mineral once in every 3-4 days. It was IMMUNACE plus. Nutrition is required for the regeneration of disc.
  6. Take good care of your stomach. Health of stomach is directly responsible for the health of your back. Avoid anything which can increase the gas in stomach.
  7. Do not sit for long even after few months of improvement. Change your sitting habits. Do make sure that the surface on which you sit does not press nerves of legs.
  8. Do not stick to bed forever. Walking in the morning is good. In fact, the more(up to a limit) you walk, better are the chances of recovery.
  9. Stop jumping.
  10. Don’t do anything which can increase pain.
  11. Avoid rice and food made up of rice products. Be careful in having food.
  12. Avoid long journey because you would have to sit for long.
  13. Take care so that you do not suffer with common cold or any kind of fever.
  14. Tight cloths and belts should be avoided.

15. Doctor should be consulted before you implement any of the things which I have mentioned above.

After 30 days of treatment at home I was able to raise my right leg (only) from 5 degrees to 60 degree while lying straight on the bed. I came back to my college. Carefully, I was able to involve myself in regular routine. After 30 more days I was able to raise my right leg to 90 degrees. Now I’m able to walk comfortably and normally.

Hoping for a good recovery for all of you :-*.

Again a word of caution, I’m not a doctor. You should ask doctor what should you do, even for the physical exercises. Make sure that you get a reliable doctor. Do cross check with another doctor if you find any problem with the doctor. Surgery is recommended in extreme cases. But it should be avoided.

To do:

  • Improve the quality of the article in terms of language.
  • Put some useful references.
  • Link to the blogs who share similar experiences.

Vinton Cerf’s Talk in Hyderabad

Posted February 24, 2007 by transcendental
Categories: internet, talks

I had a wonderful opportunity to attend a talk by Vinton G. Cerf on “The Past, The Present and the Future of the Internet”. He seemed very enthusiastic to me. I took notes. There were good numbers of phattas (something which is intended to be a joke by the speaker but no one laughs because of the bad quality of the joke) and jokes by him. Well, I would recommend to read this paper on “The past and future history of the Internet”.

1) InterPlanetary Network (IPN): Some efforts are going on in this direction to communicate between devices on different planet. For more information this link(http://tmo.jpl.nasa.gov/index.cfm) could be useful.

2) Extra geo-intelligence: We need more intelligent people. (a Phatta)

3) Power of IP

  1. Layering of Protocols
  2. End-to-end principle
  3. Decouples application from transmission.
  4. Embedding of all modalities under program control via IP
  5. Profound impact on regulatory models.

4) He told that while working on TCP/IP, one of the thing that he didn’t like was that the data packets themselves cannot know what they are carrying.

5) IP on everything

  1. carries anything digital
  2. end-to-end principles (neutrality and user freedom)
  3. IPv6 supplies address space.
  4. Broadband (choice symmetry)
  5. What is going on in the vicinity ? (People do want to know what is going on in their vicinity)

6) Enterprise VPN
The need of virtual private network arose because companies and organisations wanted to communicate confidentially over a public network.

7) Security

  1. Are there holes in this system ?
  2. Does this router has vulnerabilities ?
  3. Can this network be used to attack itself ? (e.g. DoS)
  4. Is this a bogus packet (fake source)
  5. Is this routing table update/advertisement legitimate ?
  6. Is this domain name valid ?
  7. Is this a bad configuration ? (architecture is fragile)

8 ) Network Research Problems

  1. Security at all levels
  2. Internet “Erlang” formulas (An Erlang is a unit of telecommunications traffic measurement. In practice, it is used to describe the total traffic volume of one hour.)
  3. QoS debates (small router)
  4. Mobility, Persistence (processes, connections)
  5. Multihoming
  6. Multipath routing
  7. Broadband utilization
  8. Scaling Problems

9) New user-oriented paradigms
User centric services

  1. Search, discover, transactions
  2. Announce, share, collaborate, produce.
  3. Self service
  4. Amazon, Fedex, Tivo, Instant Messaging, GPS, Navigators, virtual visits to homes.
  5. Users are simultaneously producers and consumers
  6. Community of Interest is a major theme.

10) Information Management

  1. Ability to produce high quality services
  2. Semantic Networking: automatic tagging(will help a lot in searching), improved indexing and relevance, semantic clue
  3. Time and location as organizing paradigms for data (What happened when?)
  4. Are there other semantic organizing concepts we should use ?
  5. What do you do with information decay.
    • like fighting tooth decay
    • need to preserve OS, bits and soft-wares (e.g. a doc made in office 1997 cannot be used in the year 2100 unless the hardwares and the softwares are preserved)

11) Internet Enabled Devices

  1. refrigerator (someone wants to leave some message on the door remotely)
  2. telephone
  3. Internet enabled surf board
  4. Devices can be Programmable – Java, Python etc. e.g.
    • a. web TV, PDA, Mobiles, Washing Machines.
    • Refrigerators (and the bathroom scales) to leave messages
    • Internet enabled wine corks.
    • Internet enabled socks, solve the problem of missing socks (clothing)
    • Universal remote control

12) InterPlanetary Internet (This project was started by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab)

  1. Opportunity
    It landed on Mars in 2004 and still it is working. The main reason of its long life is that the solar ray panels were relatively cleaner.
  2. Mass Orbiters
    1. Mars Odyssey (NASA)
    2. Mars Express (European Space Agency)
    3. Mars Global Surveyer (NASA)
    4. Mars Reconnaissance Orbiters (NASA)
  3. Each of the space platform need to share the communication resources.
  4. Reprogramming of orbiters.
  5. Store and forward. More efficient.
  6. Standard protocols in space in 1998

13) Deep space communication
TCP/IP cannot be used to send data. It take 40 minutes to transfer data to and fro.

14) Interplanetary Internet “InterPlaNet” IPN

15) Planetary Interests
========================================================

Questions and Answers

Q. For countries like India how should we take care of resources for maximum penetration.

Q How to prevent Internet from government
He told that the basic architecture of the Internet is such that govt. cannot control it easily. It is perfect, it is distributed. In-fact Internet is a dramatic instrument for democracy. It provides a platform. But people do bad things on network and should be controlled.

Q. Will internet augment the human race ?
He thinks that internet will empower the human race instead of replacing it.

Q. Can Internet remove poverty ?
It cannot remove poverty as such. But with wide open content and sharing of information it surely has ways to eliminate it. Exploding knowledge and knowledge work. Outsourcing.

Q. You could have charged a royalty for being the father of Internet.
I could have but if I had patented it had not grown to this extent today.

Q. Why did u join google, a company. You had otherwise been in a university where you could have carried out his work with freedom.
Average age of a google employee is around 26 years old. They do not know how to grow. Being at the age of 63 will help a lot to expand the ideas. Moreover google has the best resources. This is the kind of company where one would like to work for.

Disclaimer: It is feasible that some errors may crept in my notes. I do not take any guarantee for the absolute correctness of my notes. I wish I had improved the quality of the notes taken but due to shortage of time this couldnt be done.

11 useful steps to encroach into a new research field.

Posted October 8, 2006 by transcendental
Categories: Experiences, Research

If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it? 

                                                                                                         -Albert Einstein

Research is something which is new. You might not be even knowing what exactly you are doing till the paper is submitted to some conference. It is rather difficult to work in a research area where there are big landmarks. For a Professor, it is both easy and difficult to enter into a new research area but for a student it is always difficult. When I was writing my first paper I realized some of the critical steps involved. I’ve summarized into 11 main points.

1) Read Survey Papers, PhD thesis and Book Chapters related to that area: The idea of going through a survey paper is that it will give a general idea on what has been done. You’ll be more focused on the existing problems. On the other hand they do not give any ground details. To get the ground details PhD thesis and book chapters are good. Another advantage of referring to book chapters and PhD thesis is that they describe how the things have evolved.

2) Softwares, development toolkits and libraries: Tools are the most important factor in the development and expansion of any science or any new field. Tools would give an overall picture of how things are now in practice. Researchers tend to make their work more appealing. There is no problem with this. But sometimes the reader is not able to get the things right and sometimes get misleads. With existing tools you’ll get much robust picture. You would experimentally be able to see and make decisions.

3) Experts: In cases where the access to right kind of paper is not feasible, the best way to start working in that area is to ask someone how should you do. You might get misguided by someone either knowingly or unknowingly. I suggest to ask “How to Start ?” to at least two experts in that field. This fact follows from probability theory :D .

4) Basic Background: Basic fundamentals should be clear to you. Some people might suggest to build fundamentals before starting working and again some people suggest to build the fundamentals while working. In different scenarios different things are suitable but it is very much advisable to develop fundamentals before starting, otherwise one might leave the field and result would be the wastage of the precious time.

5) Patience: At first it will be difficult for you to get the right problem to solve. Due to lack of patience you might lose interest. If you are not getting interested for a long time then stop working in that area. Do not criticize or appreciate things without knowing it properly.

6) Stupidity: Stupidity is the key to success. Do not make mistakes. Make blunders :D . Go and ask every stupid question to every intelligent an stupid guy. Do make note of the reactions of that person. At the end of this exercise you would be knowing what not to do in that area.

7) Know key researchers very well. Ability to find the key researchers in that area shows the ability to find your help stops. This also helps to follow the work of some person in sequel.

8 ) Proceedings on your desk: Well, if possible, get the recent proceedings of some recent and big conferences on your table. It will help you in two ways i) understanding complex ideas over a period of time ii) knowledge of recent work.

9) Discussions with people around: It is good for getting immediate feedbacks and further clarifications of what you have learned. Moreover if the people around are getting interested in that field, you both can work together.

10) Write ups and reviews from peers: This is again to make yourself clearer and to make sure that you are not going into any wrong direction. Moreover if the reviews are from a great person then it helps. Do not get discouraged if you get very bad reviews.

11) Conference Deadlines: Getting a first paper in that field is always a difficult job. If feasible, get the help of someone to make you publish the first paper. It need not be submitted to the best conference. Publish your initial work in a small conference. This is because i) The results are out very soon ii) Experience iii) confidence iv) Acceptance would be easy v) You can move to next task without thinking backwards. vi) In case the paper get rejected, you can make quick suggested changes and with additional work you can send it to big conference.

Believe me overall process is very frustrating and at the end you might not be having a decent work. Remember that small conferences are as good as big ones. Small conferences are like your course assignments and big conferences are the end semester exams.

 Disclaimer: The author of this article recently wrote a paper and wants to share his experiences. In all he doesn’t take any guarantee that it is very useful. Comments are invited to make this article very useful. In case the changes are more, I’ll post another draft of this with acknowledgments to the comments.

A simple spam fighter!!

Posted August 5, 2006 by transcendental
Categories: Mails, Procmail, Script, Spam Fighter, Technology

How frustating is it when you read a mail which you don’t want to. If you are getting mails saying that there’ll be guitar classes soon OR voluneteers are required OR someone lost/found watch/pen/diary/notebook etc. OR the real spams. By “The real spams” I mean the mails which are spams for everybody. Here is a nice solution for you. I’m using it for the last two years and I’m able to classify 40% of the mails which I receive as spams with 98% accuracy!! Isn’t it great. What you need is procmail installed on your system or you can download it from here..  http://www.procmail.org/

After installation create a file in your home directory.

FileName: $HOME/.procmailrc

Content of this file:

#Procmail Configuration file.
#Created by http://transcendental.wordpress.com

VERBOSE=off
MAILDIR=$HOME/mail      # Directory where your mails will be stored
PMDIR=$HOME/.procmail   # Directory where log files etc. will be created or where you’ll keep your general

configuration files.
LOGFILE=$PMDIR/log      # Name of log file
#DEFAULT=/var/spool/mail/<yourloginname>  # uncomment this line if your mails are delivered in /var/spool/mail/…
#INCLUDERC=/etc/mail/spamassassin/spamassassin-spamc.rc # uncomment this if you want

#:0 Hw
#* ^X-Spam-Status: Yes
#JunkMail

INCLUDERC=$PMDIR/general.rc

# end of .procmailrc
Now create a directory $HOMe/.procmail/
Create a file with name general.rc in .procmail directory.

#Content of general.rc file

:0
* ^From.*topcoder
../mbox  #move it to mbox directly. I dunno why I did this.

:0
* ^From.*wordsmith
{
        :0 c
        ../mbox

        :0
        Wordsmith  # I want it to go to two folders.
}

:0
* ^Subject.*LUG
lug    #move it to lug folder.
:0
* ^From.*(junkguy@gmail.com)
JunkMail

:0
* ^Subject.*(IP.*Conflict|Lost|Gazzag|test mail|missing|Filename|dance|has invited you to|Spam|Life|guitar)
JunkMail

:0
* !^From.*(gmail|orkut|microsoft|google|goodguy@yahoo.com)
JunkMail

#Note the last 3 lines. It says that all the mails which doesn’t come from gmail or orkut or microsoft or goolge or goodguy@yahoo.com will be classified as spam. This is a non-democratic way of classifying spam. But it works the best. Note (!) at the beginning of the second last line above this. BTW my configuration file is lot more complicated. For details man pages are always available.
#end of general.rc file

If you think that this really helped you then do write a scrap to me. I thought it would be really useful for everyone. It saved my precious time during the last two years. It’s really easy to modify the configuration file itself just add one keyword. Happy Mailing!!

It’s vicious, violent, evocative and an emotional thriller.

Posted April 23, 2006 by transcendental
Categories: Movies

v.jpg

What a movie by Wachowski Brothers' ? It's vicious, violent, evocative and an emotional thriller and of course a movie with an astonishing direction. There are many things which can be appreciated but there are things which can be questioned. How was the movie ? Well it depends on the person to whom you are asking. If he is an art lover then it's wonderful for him, if he loves dialogues ya it’s amazing for him, if he is a political leader then he is going to kill the director :D , well if he is a Gandhian then he would definitely support the idea of protesting against such a government but in an opposite way. I liked the direction, screen play , graphical effects and acting. The idea of blowing up of symbol of power to challenge the state is important.

Direction was awesome. James McTiegue directed the movie and knows what is perfect under what situation. Music with bombs, a man coming out of the fire, a person being hanged, feelings on the face of V, sign of V, the way in which V moves his knives, angry protestors at the end, the leaving of roses by V for every person that he kills mercilessly, in all the scenes he has demonstrated how to put different complicated ideas together in one scene.

The script is poetic, rhyming and effective. Well spoken dialogues make the movie wonderful. Hugo Weaving did a wonderful job. He did well in matrix as well. The role of Agent Smith is amazing.

V for Vendetta

Some of the dialogues which I can recall:
"Tell me, do you know what date it is ?
Ah..November fourth.
Not anymore.
Remember, remember,
the fifth of November,
The gunpowder treason and plot.
I know of no reason why the gunpowder treason should ever be forgot."

"People should not be afraid of their governments. Governments should be afraid of their people"

"Freedom! Forever!"

"I, like God, do not play with dice and do not believe in coincidence."

"Beyond this mask there is more than flesh, Beyond this mask, there is an idea and ideas are bullet proof."

"My father once told me that artists use lies to tell the truth, while politicians use lies to cover the truth up."

"Tonight, I give you my most solemn vow that justice will be swift, it will be righteous and it will be without mercy."

For an art lover and chauvinist this is a nice movie but there are some points which are questionable:

  1. Why England is chosen where those things happened, why not USA ? Probably it would have created problems for Bush due to recent wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. People could have raised some questions about it. Moreover US doesn’t have a nice history :P
  2. Why Gordon has Quran of 14th century? Does it refer to recent fight between the west and the Muslims? If yes does the movie want to convey that the philosophy that Muslims has adopted towards the world is right. They take Jehad for granted.
  3. Gordon even had Nazi symbol in his room. Doesn’t that depict him as a supporter of Nazi's cruel policies? Some people consider Hitler as a great messiah but he killed so many innocent people. What kind of contradictory message does the movie convey.

There are many other points but let's finish it here.

Visual effects are astonishing, they are wonderful. Wachowski brothers are good in all that. I’m waiting for their next movie.

With solid direction, script, wonderful quotes and astonishing visual effects, V for Vendetta conveys a beautiful message of the power of democracy but in some different way. Quentin Tarantino and Wachowski brothers are my favourite one. They are good script/story writers. The verdict? Vengeance. "V for Vendetta" is a must-see.

 

Numbers

Posted April 18, 2006 by transcendental
Categories: Mathematics

In a quest to find the most powerful number I found a set of numbers which are actually powerful. Actually they are defined as Powerful Numbers . Numbers are among the basic building blocks of the modern civilization.

Let's go through some of the numbers to find out which deserves to be the most powerful:

1) Zero: Without zero life would life would be cool. There would not be any zeroes in examinations :D , no segmentation fault in any program (nil won't be there). But there would not be any working computers after all computer uses 0 and 1. I believe that we are not using the same zero as defined by Brahmagupta. In one of his rules he wrote 'Zero divided by zero is zero'.

2) Seven: What's your lucky number ? It's seven right. It's a lucky number for most of us. Seven is also a Happy Number. Numbers of days in a week are seven. There are seven stars in 'Saptarishi'. It's the pH of water. Number of notes in the musical scale is seven. It took seven days for God to build the whole universe. There are seven continents. 007 is a codename for James Bond. So, number seven is everywhere. I don't know either some number is lucky for me or not. But there is a number which is always with me.

3) Infinity: It is philosophically powerful.

4) Thirteen: No one like it except BJP.

5) Iota: sqrt(-1): What's the use of numbers which do not exist? We were told in +2 that they make certain calculations and derivations easy. Later on in physics we found out that it makes the representation compact. Seriously, there are some imaginary people who are really helpful.

6) Napier's constant (e): It's a number which represents the natural growth. Managers and bankers love it. This number has an interesting chemistry with pi. We know that both {pi} and {e} are irrational and it has also been proved that e^pi is irrational. But we don't know either pi^e is rational or not. Is there any relationship between the growth of the universe and e ?

7) The Speed of Light (c): 299792458: This is a number which has the significance that by any mechanical means we can not attain the velocity greater than this in m/s. Is the speed of light is rational or irrational. Well it is rational :P because 1m is defined in terms of speed of light. Do you think that nothing can travel at a speed more than that of light. Just read this .What do you say now ? Fundae gol ho gaye. Well that occurred in some medium rather than in vacuum. So, in some medium you can have something traveling faster than light but still less than the speed of light in vacuum. We can make some line smaller by drawing a bigger line.

8) Pi:  My favorite number. What does anyone do when they develop a super computer? They calculate the number pi with very high accuracy. If you want to show your memory then try pi. This is the number which is naturally embedded in the universe. It's in Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, electrostatic force formula,  Normal Distribution etc. Hopefully that you know the significance of the Normal Distribution. Bailey, Browein and Plouff gave a new formula which can extract slice of digitsin pi without actually computing all the digits up to that slice. BTW people also celebrates pi day on March 14th.

Some thoughts:

1) What would be the size of the largest common consecutive digits in any two irrational number? Intuition says that it should be inf. Proof or disproof….If the size is inf. then can we produce that sequence between e and pie.

2) Given any two irrational numbers can we relate them in any form? Of course we should not say that they are related by a set of digits :P

There are many theories and significance of these numbers. Some of them are junk. I feel that pi is really stronger than any other number. I tried on net I could not find any view, if you have any views then please express it.